Forestry

Forest and vegetation intelligence at the tree level.

LiDAR, multispectral, and machine learning for stands, riparian corridors, and community wildfire planning.

Downed woody debris

Every log on the unit, counted and measured

Post harvest and fuels compliance from the air instead of transects. Counts, size and decay classes, volume per acre, and the standing trees to species, in a package the Oregon Department of Forestry can file.

RGB orthomosaic of a post harvest unit: bare ground, slash, and standing trees along the unit boundary.
Raw orthomosaic of a post harvest unit.
Detection overlay on a post harvest unit: tree crowns colored by species and downed logs drawn as lines by decay class over a hillshade.
Detection overlay. Each piece delineated and classed by decay.
Post harvest unit map with downed woody debris volume labeled in every one acre cell.
Per unit map with cubic feet by class in every one acre cell.

Read the downed woody debris case

Classified crowns over Eugene riparian canopy, Oregon ash in color and all other species in grey.
Predicted Oregon ash crowns over Eugene riparian canopy.

Species identification and riparian mapping

Which tree is which, across hundreds of acres

For the City of Eugene we classified 12,632 crowns across 390 acres of riparian corridor and identified 5,261 of them as Oregon ash ahead of emerald ash borer. Willow, maple, and conifers were in the training set on purpose, because a model that has never seen a willow will call it ash.

Fall senescence flights roughly doubled ash detection, so any ash project gets a fall flight. Along the Scott River in the Klamath Basin we took the same approach to fourteen riparian species, with a botanist reviewing the calls.

Overview sheet of Douglas fir health across the Ashland watershed lands with the pie chart of the four classes.
Douglas fir crowns classed at risk, declining, dieback, or dead in the Ashland watershed.

At risk, declining, dieback, dead

A count of what is dying, tree by tree

For the City of Ashland we classed about 30,000 Douglas fir crowns across city owned watershed lands into four health classes, with a map and a tally per area. The city published the 2023 findings and Ashland News covered them; the 2024 count is what stood after the city's removal work.

The Ashland Douglas fir assessment

Ladder fuel classification in a LiDAR point cloud, colored by height band, with a ground photo of the same stand inset.
Ladder fuel classification in the point cloud, a demonstration on a Medford property. The same method fed the Ashland plan.

CWPP support

Fuels mapping the plan can point to

Canopy height, ladder fuel identification, and structure exposure: how much ladder fuel sits around each structure, what is growing within five feet of it, and how much canopy hangs over the roof. Citywide drone LiDAR gave the 2025 Ashland Community Wildfire Protection Plan those numbers, parcel by parcel, delivered into the city's own GIS.

A classified point cloud separates ground, low, medium, and high vegetation. That separation is what makes a ladder fuel call possible.

The Ashland CWPP LiDAR

Post harvest monitoring

LiDAR, multispectral, and RGB over the unit

The Oregon Department of Forestry unit behind the debris case. The video shows the products, the StoryMap walks the method.

Video

ODF post harvest monitoring with drone LiDAR and multispectral

ArcGIS StoryMap

Forestry StoryMap

Post harvest monitoring for ODF

How we validate

How we check the number

Every classification is trained on crowns a person checked on the ground and validated on points the model never saw. The Eugene ash model adds leakage free repeated cross validation. We report overall accuracy with sensitivity and specificity, publish the confusion matrix, and say which classes are weak. On the Eugene ash inventory that came out at 82 percent overall accuracy, 77 percent ash sensitivity, and 84 percent specificity on more than 300 ground truth crowns.

Every classification job ships a written report with the data, so the forester can read the method and the accuracy table without opening GIS.

How the Eugene numbers were made

Deliverables

  • Classified crowns
  • Canopy height model
  • Species maps
  • Health classes
  • DWD counts and maps
  • Orthomosaics
  • LiDAR terrain
  • StoryMaps and dashboards

The sensors and methods behind this lane:

Let's talk about your stand.